Tuesday, July 31, 2012

As California's cities go bankrupt, will they emerge safe?


The world is paying attention to California's cities as they start to topple like dominoes into bankruptcy.  Many of them are reeling from a deflation in real estate values which saw their sources of revenue shrink.  But due to long term deals they made while they were flush, they have not been able to reel back on spending outlays in order to adjust to the new economic realities.

Sports stadiums, boat harbors, new municipal buildings, fleets of brand new vehicles and  generous labor contracts with their unionized municipal employees have brought them to their knees economically. Many others are on one knee, begging the state or the federal government to step in and help.  But of course this is akin to asking the economically blind to lead the economically blind.  The cities are a microcosm of spending by the state and federal government.  But they can't, like the federal government, print more money, or in the case of the state, issue as many debt obligation bonds or push off debt into the future.

Stockton, San Bernadino, Mammoth Lakes and Compton California, all have recently filed for bankruptcy protection, or are on the verge.  But experts believe they are just the tip of the iceberg as the recession still has a grip on the golden state. In the meantime, other cities have been proactive in dealing with their fiscal problems as their citizens vote to rein in municipal workers union power.

What will these cities look like after they emerge from bankruptcy? The City of Vallejo was one of the 1st major California cities to file bankruptcy in 2008 and just recently emerged.

I talked to the director of finance for the City of Vallejo, Deborah Lauchner and she was able to illuminate post bankrupt Vallejo for me.

According to her, when the city first started to hit the financial skids in 2008, they tried to pare back on expenses and asked their employees for concessions.  They had 11 mediated sessions in trying to work something out but none of the 4 unions representing city employees would budge and Vallejo was forced to file bankruptcy.

Before filing bankruptcy, employee compensation cost 75% of the general fund budget.  After emerging from bankruptcy employee compensation cost the city 82% of its general fund budget.

The 1st union to come to the bargaining table was the police union.  According to Lauchner, since the police union was first, they actually got a great deal and ended up with raises.  Each successive union that came to the table after that got a little less. The fire dept came to the bargaining table last and actually took a small hit.

Average police officers salaries and benefits are 234,000, with current staff of 97.  Average fire fighters wages and benefits are 216,000, with a current staff of 80. 

Current staffing levels for public safety are 43% of what they were prior to bankruptcy. Many in the safety services chose retirement and the city has not replaced the losses.

 Lauchner said: "We had a sales tax increase with an approved budget for FY 12/13 that uses almost $5 million in reserves to cover the shortfall in revenues.  Our expenditures are not quite where we want them to be at this point.  That is directly related to an oversight by the City related to negotiations that have pushed off resolution for at least one more year."  The City of  116,000 is currently paying for $165 million in unfunded liabilities associated with past employees and retiree benefits.

I said "that's a huge burden to put on the shoulders of the citizens of Vallejo.   I know you've streamlined the city and are cutting expenses wherever you can...Have you considered privatizing any services?"  She said: "We are always looking for opportunities.  We are hampered by some of the language in the labor agreements, but we are continuing to look for more flexibility as we re-negotiate these agreements."

I asked Lauchner how she thought the city of Stockton California would do in their negotiations with public employee unions in order to get out of the terrible financial situation they are in.  She said we had a difficult time dealing with 4 separate unions, Stockton has to deal with 12 separate unions, so it will be much more complicated.

If Vallejo is the road map for what other cities will have to follow in order to emerge from bankruptcy, it looks as though citizens are going to be burdened with more long term debt, higher taxes and less protection from unionized safety services. As a result, instead of  having a fully staffed pre bankrupt police and fire forces, they have less, but more expensive personnel providing protection for the citizens. 

Time will tell if Vallejo's pared down safety services will provide it's citizens the protection necessary to have a safe community.  Perhaps, like other communities, police will just not be responding to certain types of crimes, because they are spread too thin. But perhaps this new reality will lead to more personal responsibility of citizens to be proactive in the policing of their communities. Could there be more neighborhood watches on the horizon? Will more Californians take advantage of their 2nd Amendment rights?


The most unique gifts: Time capsules in American and world history: lifemagforsale.com

For other points of view visit Carroll Standard: carrollstandard.com





Thursday, July 26, 2012

The seeds of Che Guevara Lynch sprout in the country of his death -- Bolivia

"To send men to the firing squad, judicial proof is unnecessary...These procedures are an archaic bourgeois detail. This is a revolution! And a revolutionary must become a cold killing machine motivated by pure hate. We must create the pedagogy of the The Wall! (El Paredón)" --Ernesto 'Che' Guevara Lynch

The Irish in Latin America played key roles in the turbulent past of this hemisphere.  Many heroic names that indicate Irish ancestry  are attached to seminal change in countries throughout the land.  But there is one name in particular, that evokes harsh angry opinions of those that value freedom. 

Che Guevara Lynch, whose familiar visage is sported on T shirts and posters is considered by many to be an international terrorist and mass murderer. During his vicious campaigns to impose communism on countries throughout Latin America, Guevara trained and motivated the Castro regime's firing squads executing thousands of men, women and children.

Not content to spread revolution, murder and mayhem on the American continent, he traveled to Africa where revolution was brewing in the Congo.  The Cubans working as surrogates for the USSR, were used  to help impose communism and violence on the people of Africa.   Guevara lead a small contingent of Cubans in an effort to topple the government, but was unsuccessful in this endeavor.......but it opened the door for larger incursions later, that lead to the deaths of thousands of innocent people in African conflicts.

Guevara left Africa and returned to Latin America, ending up in Bolivia leading terrorist attacks against that government.  But after years of escaping the backlash from the violence he inflicted on others,  in Bolivia his luck ran out.  He was tracked down and eventually captured by brave dedicated soldiers of the Bolivian army.   Unfortunately for Che Guevara, the Bolivian army had read his playbook.  They showed him the same respect towards human life that he himself showed to so many in the past; he was summarily executed in the jungles of Bolivia.

But the blood spilled that day has sprouted a new brand of repression and communism in the beautiful country of Bolivia. A new repressive/communist narco state is emerging from the mineral rich and simmering social pot in this part of Latin America.

Bolivia is a mid-size state in the middle of Latin America, a rich natural gas country. It was taken over by President Evo Morales in 2006.  A former coca-grower, the ultra leftist president of Bolivia, is pro Iran and after 6 years in power is promoting a socialist agenda like that of his friend and close ally Hugo Chavez of Venezuela,  including the expropriation of private businesses.

Evo Morales is part of a large ethnic group call aimara. They now rule the country with a critical agenda against q-aras or blancos (white bolivian-spaniards) and quechuas and guaranies.

During the past 6 years of his iron rein, Morales has been able to intimidate, censor, and prosecute any Bolivians who criticize him or thwart his political agenda.  His Congress has passed laws expanding the government's powers to limit free speech and punish its critics,  while the Supreme Court, packed with Evo Morales supporters, has explicitly rejected the principle that the judiciary should serve as a check on presidential power.

The Bolivian Evo Morales regime has enacted rules that dramatically reduce the public's right to obtain information held by the government.  The communist administration's constant attacks on local rights defenders, whom authorities portray as enemies of the people, has helped make them more vulnerable to acts of intimidation by low-level officials and threats and acts of violence by Evo Morales supporters.

The Bolivian regime, called the "pluri-national state of Bolivia" under marxist conception, has sent a clear message to judges, journalists, broadcasters and rights defenders in particular, that the president Evo Morales and his followers are willing and able to punish people who challenge or obstruct their political aims.

Although many Bolivians and Latin American leaders continue to criticize the government, the fear of reprisal has had a chilling effect on the media and undercut the ability of judges to adjudicate politically sensitive cases.

Bolivia has several cases of arbitrary government abuse related to persecution of local governors.  These governors of Bolivian states of Tarija, Pando and Cochabamba, are now living in exile in Paraguay and US.

Almost 50 years ago Che Guevara Lynch was killed in Bolivia.  But todays Bolivia is in the process of falling under the same sort of repressive regime that he helped instill in Cuba. His violent works seem to have been forgotten by some and are now replaced by a sort of romanticism and mystique....But not in many areas of the world where Guevaras wounds are still remembered freshly and in countries where the repressive regimes of communism are rearing their ugly heads, like Bolivia.

Perhaps The Real Cuba.Com explained it best when they noted the popularity of the Che T shirts and posters proliferating in certain American circles:

"So why do so many well-heeled American liberals still admire this thug? Are the young simply ignorant of his execrable record and drawn to the image of the dashing young rebel? Do older progressives feel guilt for their free market prosperity, and showing solidarity with Che absolves them? Do hippies-turned-yuppies get nostalgic for their youthful protests and rationalize that the symbolism of Che as a “social reformer” eclipses his actual horrific human rights record? And are some American Guevaraistas truly dangerous leftists who seek to emulate their icon and destroy our free, democratic, capitalist society? Ask that guy wearing the Che t-shirt."


 The most unique gifts: Time capsules in American and world history: lifemagforsale.com

For other points of view visit Carroll Standard: carrollstandard.com


 







Friday, July 20, 2012

Media breathlessly tries to tie Colorado shooter to Tea Party


The masked and heavily armed shooter burst into the crowded Aurora Colorado theater, threw a gas canister of some kind,  then opened up with semi-automatic weapons into the confused and horrified crowd.  The attack seemed thoroughly planned, the gunman wore a gas mask and had full body armor on. He was immune to the effects of the gas and in case any among the crowd was armed,  he was protected. 

In the wake of this brutal assault, 12 lay dead and perhaps another 50 lay wounded amongst the mostly young crowd who had jammed the theater to see the opening night of the new Batman movie, "Dark Knight Rising."

But while the smoke still swirled in that tragic theatre, news first hit the wires the shooters name was Jim Holmes....Internet search engines immediately were engaged to look him up to see if he was a registered Republican or if he was a member of the Tea Party.


This is shades of  the Congresswoman Gabby Giffords shooting in Arizona.  Almost as soon as the shooting happened the media and local partisan politicians immediately assumed this was a  Tea Party inspired shooting and went about to make it a fact by stating it early and often. 

The main stream media had almost everyone convinced the Gabby Giffords shooter was a crazed Tea Party member.  Only later did the real facts emerge that the shooter was an unstable, delusional lone gunman,.

In the Giffords shooting, the media made up a story and went with it, regardless of the facts...It fit a pre conceived idea they had about the Tea Party and it conveniently fit a narrative they wanted to build about the need for gun control and make an assault on our 2nd Amendment rights...It was a two-fer.
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Read about Gabby Giffords here:

Left wing jumped the gun in Tucson shooting

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This morning the main stream media was chomping at the bit to pin this on the Tea Party.

On ABC's Good Morning America, Former Clinton media adviser and Democrat operative, George Stephanopolous,  breathlessly interviewed Brian Ross on the scene in Colorado.  Ross reported the shooter might be a member of the Tea Party as he had found a man by the name of Jim Holmes registered as an Aurora Colorado member.

Here is the interchange as reported in Breitbart News: The Usual Suspects: ABC's Ross, Stephanolpoulos Point to Tea Party in Dark Knight Shooting UPDATE: Wrong Jim Holmes?

The mainstream media and politicians should be careful to jump the gun again in this tragedy, or else they could be thoroughly discredited and embarrassed like they were after the Gabby Giffords shooting. Lets wait to see all of the facts come out about this tragedy before jumping to conclusions.

The most unique gifts: Time capsules in American and world history: lifemagforsale.com

For other points of view visit Carroll Standard: carrollstandard.com




Monday, July 16, 2012

Betrayed Egyptians chant Monica while they pelt Hillarys motorcade with tomatoes

Sunday afternoon, the ancient streets of Alexandria flowed with red. But the red was not the blood of violence, it was the red pulp and juice of tomatoes, as Egyptians got the rare opportunity to let the Obama administration and Hillary Clinton, know exactly how they felt.  

As the Clinton motorcade passed, crowds pelted them with tomatoes, shoes and bottles, while chants of Monica! Monica! filled the air.

In the middle east there can be no more powerful sign of disrespect than to throw a shoe at someone.  When your motorcade is showered with shoes, it is a bad omen.

But to add insult to injury, Egyptians went even farther to show anger and contempt by bringing up a painful experience for the Secretary of State.  Monica Lewinsky was the young intern with whom her husband had an affair with. The subsequent scandal and impeachment almost lead to the end of Bill Clinton's  Presidency.

Although HillaryClinton was secure inside her armored car, there was no way she could have missed the anger of the crowd that was directed at her. 
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Read more:

Will Barack Obama have a Jimmy Carter moment in Egypt?

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If you only get your information and news from the main stream media, you probably haven't heard about this incident and probably won't. Perhaps, the main stream media feels negative foreign policy news this close to our Presidential election, might have an impact......on the Obama administration. 

Of course a shoe throwing incident occurred to President Bush during a press conference in Iraq.  An Iraqi journalist threw just two shoes at the President, but the video was replayed on the main networks thousands of times.

The attack on her motorcade came after Clinton emphasized Washington is staying out of Egypt’s internal affairs. "I want to be clear that the United States is not in the business, in Egypt, of choosing winners and losers, even if we could, which of course we can't," she said at a the reopened U.S. consulate in Alexandria.

Earlier, Clinton met with Egypt’s top general, Hussein Tantawi and urged him to work with Egypt’s elected president, the Muslim Brotherhood's Mohammed Morsi.

But in a clear display of the power struggle that persists in Egypt following the election of  the Muslim Brotherhoods's Morsi as President, General Tantawi made a defiant statement after meeting with Clinton. He said “the armed forces will not allow anyone, especially those pushed from the outside, to distract it from its role as the protector of Egypt."

Many Egyptians feel the United States made a secret deal with the Muslim Brotherhood and are supporting their total take over, after the Obama administration demanded that longtime President and US ally Hosni Mubarrak step down.  The Muslim  Brotherhood has stated in the past it wishes to bring a religious state to Egypt.  The Muslim Brotherhood is the ideological forebear of Hamas and al Qaeda.

Recent attacks on Christians in Egypt have lead to more than 100,000 Coptic Christians to flee their country, which has been their home for 2,000 years.  This does not portend well for the future of an open secular society.

The most unique gifts: Time capsules in American and world history: lifemagforsale.com

For other points of view visit Carroll Standard: carrollstandard.com


Wednesday, July 11, 2012

The United Mineworkers talk to IrishCentral and put a face on the war on coal

Phil Smith, spokesman for the United Mine Workers of America(UMWA),  spent some time with us discussing issues affecting his members.  This was right on the heels of  Patriot Coal Company announcing it was filing for bankruptcy protection.  Patriot is one of the largest producers of coal in the US and is one of the largest employers of UMWA members. Patriot is the first major casualty in President Obama's war on coal.

 UMWA has a membership of 100,000  and is affiliated with the  AFL/CIO.  They have a rich history in fighting for the protection of workers health and safety, in a dangerous occupation.  They have brought dignity and honorable wages to generations of workers who supply our country with its main source for electrical energy.  

Irish immigrants were key in the founding of UMWA.   They foreshadowed it when they introduced to the mid 1800 coal fields, the Molly Maguire’s, a secret society brought over from Ireland.  The Molly Maguire’s fought back with their own form of  vengeance against the brutal tactics imposed on them by industrialists. These industrialists had little respect for the danger & miserable working conditions they imposed on the miners.

Today’s UMWA, is a result of thousands of men and women who lost their lives giving America the energy it needed and fighting every step of the way for rights of the working person in a dangerous industry.

But now UMWA and the coal industry are facing the most formidable threat they have ever had to face.  It is not mine safety, workers rights, wages, or supply and demand issues.  The threat is from the environmental industry and President Obama's EPA decreeing intolerable regulations designed to kill the industry.

Recently UMWA President Cecil Roberts declared that Lisa Jackson, head of the EPA, shot the coal industry just as surely as the Navy SEALS shot Osama Bin Laden.  With new "greenhouse gas" emissions regulations “this rule is an all-out, in my opinion, decision by the EPA that we’re never going to have another coal-fired facility in the United States that’s constructed,” Roberts said.

The union chief used colorful language to underscore his point, but that point has been driven home as the assault on coal, as well as other forms of "fossil energy” continues unabated.

I asked Mr. Smith how many coal related jobs have been lost due to EPA regulations before the Patriot announcement.  He replied "about 1,500 have been lost this year, but those losses are also due to weather conditions and a glut of natural gas".  "But the real losses will come as EPA regulations start to clamp down on our industry in the near future"

He went on to explain, "These are high paying jobs that the rural regions of West Virginia and Pennsylvania rely on for their economies." Some miners make as much as 100,000 per year with overtime and they have good benefits as well."  "If the coal mining industry is shut down, these areas will be devastated economically and will cause great socioeconomic upheaval, not witnessed before."
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Read more:



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Environmentalists, previously financed by the gas industry and now Mayor Bloomberg, are working hard to destroy the coal mining industry. They have callously said the areas can transform themselves into sightseeing regions and amusement parks, like the Hatfield and McCoy theme park.  But it looks like environmentalists don't care about the people they crush under their boot and are willing to sacrifice good high paying jobs for food stamps.

Environmental activists living off of trust funds, like Robert Kennedy Jr., don’t know what it’s like to survive on a paycheck to earn a living.

As the US coal industry is under assault, coal companies have found overseas markets eager for our product. We are exporting large amounts of coal to Asia and Europe as their economies search for reliable cheap energy.  Germany is importing coal from the US as they are finding solar is the path to bankruptcy.  They are fearful of nuclear energy after Japan suffered damage to its nuclear reactors from the tsunami, so coal is filling their energy deficit.

But environmentalists are even trying to stop exporting of coal from our nations seaports. As if, not wounding the industry is enough, they try to kick it while it's down.   I asked Phil what UMWA is prepared to do about this and he said: "It would be a very difficult time for environmentalists to try and block the commerce of a legal product."  I would take from the determination in his voice and the emphasis on the legality of commerce in the US, that his organization and the industry itself are ready to battle over this.

I then went on to ask him if other unions would be swayed to support the coal industry as it is attacked by environmentalists trying to block the coal being exported from the US.  He said: "I can't speak for other unions, but I don't think Longshoremen or Teamsters want to give up their gainful employment by not loading up coal into trains and onto ships." 

In the meantime the battle rages on Capitol Hill and in the media, as legislation and regulations are  proposed that will determine our energy future. 

There is great debate over the existence of man caused climate change, which is the fuel behind the war on our fossil energy resources and the impetus behind renewable/green energy.

32,000 scientists signed a document that disagreed with the scientific premise behind man caused global warming.  With that much dissension against the "science" responsible for us shifting away from our reliable cheap energy to hugely expensive, unproven technology,.....you would think calmer heads would prevail before making precipitous decisions regarding our nation’s energy future.

The most unique gifts: Time capsules in American and world history: lifemagforsale.com

For other points of view visit Carroll Standard: carrollstandard.com

Friday, July 6, 2012

Decades of mismanagement have left our forests vulnerable to terrorism



Smokey Bear told us: “Only we can prevent forest fires.” But behind him was a vast and growing firefighting bureaucracy, equipped with fleets of heavy equipment, aerial tankers, helicopters and satellite guided workforces.

This firefighting juggernaut has not only crushed many would be disastrous fires over the years, but many beneficial ones as well.

Many of the forests protected by these fire fighting efforts have also been shielded from best forest management practices.  In the name of restoring our forests to their former pre-mankind condition, man was taken out of the equation. As a result, many of our forests are unnaturally overgrown with decades of underbrush, dry branches and millions of disease ridden trees.  

But the west is now on fire and reports say some of these fires have been caused by arson. This  leads many to believe that America's national security Achilles heel,  is it's tinder dry, over protected, overgrown forests, which can instantly be transformed into mega-fires with one match.

The Lake Tahoe basin which sits on the border of California and Nevada was managed by a maze of bureaucratic environmental agencies.  Through ineptitude, these agencies did not allow property owners to even hand clean brush on their property, in the fear that it would intrude on the "natural state" of the forest.

As a result of this idiotic forest management practice, the area was consumed by a mega fire which burned down 253 homes and consumed 3,100 acres……This is just 1 small forest area out of hundreds of thousands of square miles being subjected to the same or similar practices. 

But there is a solution to the madness which has proven over and over again to work.  When these rampaging fires reach privately managed forest land, they are checked.

Privately owned or leased forests, are maintained to produce a healthy vibrant environment which can in turn, be used to harvest timber and forest products.  They are in the business of having forests of healthy trees and do what’s necessary to make them that way.

I spoke to Tom Ray, vice president of northwest resources for Plum Creek Corporation. Plum Creek is the largest and most geographically diverse private timberland owner in the United States with approximately 6.6 million acres of timber in major timber producing regions of the country.

Tom helps manage his company’s land according to the Sustainable Forest Initiative, which looks out for the best long term care of their forests.  These practices include thinning-harvesting of timber and brush clearing as necessary. 

Managing the land in a healthy vibrant condition is good for the forests as well as for the owners of the property.

Tom said out of control fires on public lands that have swept into managed forests, have been stopped.  The fire intensity lessened due to the availability of less fuel and the presence of access roads on managed forests allowed personnel to reach the fires.

Much of Plum Creeks 6.6 million acres of land is open to the public for recreation purposes as well, showing that private forest land management is compatible with public use.

When you look at the ability of just one corporation to successfully manage 6.6 million acres of forest land, it doesn’t take much to wonder why some of these practices aren’t transferred to our national and state forestlands.  After all, the public can have access to these privately managed lands that are not dry diseased tinderboxes.

Peter Kolb, Associate Professor of Forest management at the University of Montana has been observing the effects of public policies affecting forests across the Northern Rockies for years.

Kolb has determined that forests can benefit from well planned and thoughtful tree harvesting in order to help revitalize forest landscapes that have become homogenized by a combination of past climatic phases and fire suppression, which produce mega fires. 

He feels it is best to create a forest with greater species and structural diversity using a combination of thinning and irregular sized” patch” cuts.   These types of mosaics in the forest have been shown to provide firebreaks, good habitat enhancement for wildlife and a birthplace for a new generation of trees. 

Such management emulates historic natural process and forests can be made more resilient and functional for the future…. This is the definition of conservation – “to keep “functioning” rather than “restoration” which is to bring back to the way it was.

But many conservation groups seem to be stuck with the outdated concept of bringing forests back to a snapshot of 200 years ago

Perhaps we should be focusing more on what it will take to keep forests healthy and functional in the future.  It seems obvious that the hands-off approach is not working all that well, and costing us an enormous federal bankroll we can ill afford. 

Private companies could provide active forest management more consistent with conservation, and at no cost.  But rather could provide tax revenue and jobs, in exchange for harvesting some timber across the vast national forests of the west.   

Forestry, logging and science, have come a long way over the decades, it’s time to move into the future and allow a different paradigm to take over.  It’s time to help our forests cope with changes in climate and the wildfires and insect outbreaks that come with them in unprecedented destructive waves.

 The most unique gifts: Time capsules in American and world history: lifemagforsale.com

For other points of view visit Carroll Standard: carrollstandard.com



Monday, July 2, 2012

Current power outages: A glimpse into America's future under the EPA and 0bamacare?

The recent storms that plowed through the east caused widespread power outages.  They are offering us an example of what it is like to have a society without electricity. To make matters worse, the outages are occurring during record heat, compounding the misery of millions of Americans.   But if this was happening during winter under record cold, it could be disastrous.

When you realize how much we take for granted such simple tasks as keeping the food in your refrigerator cool, operating your air conditioner, turning on the street lights, operating the electric fuel pumps at the gasoline station...Or charging your electric car, we are dependent on power.

Estimates for restoring power to the many millions without, range from a few hours to over a week. 

During past major power outages affecting America, statisticians have pointed out a spike in birth rates 9 months later, showing that television and electronics have a  birth control quality about them....Will 0bamacare show it's value by focusing in like a laser beam on women's contraception?  Time will tell.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has been waging war on our nations sources of energy.  Since the beginning of the Obama administration, this war has escalated with the appointment of far left activists who are committed to getting us off of "fossil" fuels as a source of energy and replacing them with so called "renewables" of solar-wind.

Of course if past performance of "renewables" is any indication of future performance, the current power outages in the east are a good indicator of what's in store for us.  How would windmills fare under the assault of hurricane force winds, or even strong erratic winds?  Here's what's happening to some in the UK:

Wrecked by gales again as wind farms get 300,000 to switch off..... in high winds

Recent EPA rulings and regulations will force many energy producing coal fired plants out of business.  These plants cannot afford the drastically expensive retro fitting the EPA is forcing upon them and will drop from the power grid. It's not going to take many of these coal fired plants to drop off line before we see problems with energy delivery.

Video shows how cheap and abundant energy brings prosperity to the world

Gas fired power plants are being hailed as a good replacement for coal plants, but these are also "fossil" fuel and deep down there is resentment against this power source as well.

Time will tell what our brave new energy future will be under the guidance of the EPA.  Many people think expensive energy and energy shortages will be the norm.

The most unique gifts: Time capsules in American and world history: lifemagforsale.com

For other points of view visit Carroll Standard: carrollstandard.com